aition

SCIENCE. This word is sometimes defined by Plato to be that which assigns the causes of things; sometimes to be that the subjects of which have a perfectly stable essence; and together with this, he conjoins the assignation of cause from reasoning. Sometimes again he defines it to be that the principles of which are not hypotheses; and, according to this definition, he asserts that there is one science which ascends as far as to the principle of things.

ON ACCOUNT OF WHICH; WITH REFERENCE TO WHICH; THROUGH WHICH; ACCORDING TO WHICH; FROM WHICH; OR IN WHICH; viz. di o, pros o, uph'ou, di ou, kath o, ex ou. By the first of these terms, Plato is accustomed to denominate the final cause; by the second the paradigmatic; by the third the demiurgic; by the fourth the instrumental; by the fifth form; and by the sixth matter.

INTELLIGENCE DID NOT DELIBERATE BEFORE MAKING SENSE-MAN.

IN THE INTELLIGIBLE, EVERYTHING POSSESSES ITS REASON AS WELL AS ITS FORM.

(I-II) Il ne suffit pas d’admettre que le monde doit son existence à une cause intelligente; il faut encore montrer comment les maux que nous voyons se concilient avec la sagesse de la Providence.

(I-II) Les essences premières n’ont point de cause parce qu’elles existent toujours. Les essences qui dépendent des essences premières tiennent d’elles aussi l’existence. Quant aux choses qui deviennent, elles ont toutes une cause. Seulement les philosophes en expliquent la production de diverses manières. Les uns rapportent tout aux atomes ou aux éléments, d’autres au Destin, qu’ils définissent de différentes façons, d’autres encore aux astres.

1. Todo lo que acontece y todos los seres se dan ciertamente por alguna causa o sin ella. Podría ocurrir también que hubiese acontecimientos y seres sin causa y otros sujetos a ella, o bien que los acontecimientos todos contasen con una causa, en tanto los seres dispusiesen, unos de causa y otros no, o incluso que ninguno proviniese de causa alguna; en sentido inverso, los seres pudieran tener todos alguna causa, mientras entre los acontecimientos unos contarían con ella y otros no, o bien no la tendría ninguno de ellos.

DES IDÉES

Plotin Traités 38-41. Dir. Trad. Luc

Capítulo 1: Todas as coisas têm ou não uma causa?
1-6. Ou todas as coisas têm uma causa, ou não têm.
6-13. Entre as coisas eternas, as primeiras não têm causa.
13-24. As coisas no devir, todas têm uma causa.
16-24. É necessário rejeitar, portanto, uma explicação pelos átomos, ou por uma tendência impulsiva da alma.
É necessário distinguir entre as causas próximas e as causa distantes.
24-36. As causas próximas.